Topic 11 - 12

Topic 11

Articles         a /  an / the

The indefinite articles ‘A’ or ‘An’ means one.

        

                       A book

                      An apple

Any noun which starts with a vowel sound is to use ‘an’.

                         apple

                         egg

                  An   ice-cream

                         orange

                         umbrella

                         *hour  (The letter ‘h’ is not pronounced. )

                         honest boy      

The definite article  ---------- the

a)  The  article ‘the’ means ‘this / that/ these / those’.  It refers to the

     specific thing.      (the ----- this/that/these/ those)

         

          There is [ an apple] on the table.

          [ The apple ] is crunchy and juicy.

b)  The article ‘the’ is used to refer to the ‘only one’ in the world.

           the sun                     the moon

           the earth                   the stars  (the only type)

c)  It is used to refer to the whole class of people or things.

           the lion                     the bee 

           the poor                    the rich

d)  It is used with the river, sea, ocean, and island.

           the Rejang river          the South China sea  

           the Pacific ocean         the Borneo island

e)  It is used to refer to the only building or thing in the area.

          I walk past ( the post office) every day.

         We go to ( the park ) every day.                                         25

Topic  11               

Exercise  42

Fill in the blanks with “a / an”.

1.  Ali has ___________ beautiful eraser.

2.  I eat __________ egg every day.

3.  ___________ elephant is ____________ animal.

4.  This is ___________ big apple.

5.  I have __________ empty box.

6.  They have ____________ car.

7.  Ali has _____________ iron at home.

8.  Tom’s father has kept __________ eagle.

9.  Peter has ___________ uncle in Australia.

10. That is ___________ owl.

Exercise 43

Fill in the blanks with “a  /   an”.

1.  This is ____________ aeroplane.

2.  He is ____________ artist.

3.  Sheila is ___________ clerk.

4.  Mr Wong is _____________ principal.

5.  Hassan is ___________ cook.

6.  This is ____________ anchor.

7.  I need ___________ axe.

8.  That is ____________ bell.

9.  That is _____________ aquarium.

10. This is _____________ bee.

Exercise  44

Fill in the blanks with “a  /  an”.

1.  ____________ carrot

2.  ____________ octopus

3.  ____________ sweet

4.  ____________ eagle

5.  ____________ axe

6.  ____________ pear

7.  This is ____________ bib.

8.  This is ____________ bun.

9.  That is ____________ arrow.

10.  ___________ elephant is big.

11.  This is ____________ aeroplane.

12.  This is ____________ beautiful fan.                      

                                                                                       

                                                                                                (26)

Exercise 45

Fill in the blanks with ‘a / an / the’.

1.  There is _______ cat under the chair.  _________ cat is very lovely.

2.  _________ sun is bright today.

3.  _________ moon shines at night.                                            

4.  He keeps ________ eagle.  ________ eagle is still small.

5.  I have ________ computer.  I use _________ computer to do project.

6.  Look at __________ stars in the sky.

7.  That is _________ bottle.  ________ bottle is very big.

8.  I saw __________ owl in _________ park last Friday.

9.  It was just ___________ accident.

10.  _________ book that you want to borrow is here.

11.  Do you know __________ girl over there?

12.  _________Rejang river is the longest river in Sarawak.

Exercise 46

Fill in the blanks with ‘a / an / the’.

1.  It is just _______ hill.  My grandparents like to walk up ________ hill.

2.  ________ woman over there is my aunt.

3.  I like __________ story book very much.

4.  James has _________ dog.  _________ dog barks a lot at night.

5.  _________ market near my house is very clean.

6.  Joe often goes to ________ post office to buy stamps.

7.  This is _______ sparrow.  One of _________ legs is broken.

8.  It is ________ eel.  _______ eel is big and long.

9.  Don’t sit on __________ chair.  It is wet.

10.  Where is _________ umbrella?

11.  It is _________ bee.  _________ bee is dying.

12.  He likes to play _________ piano very much.

Exercise 47

Fill in the blanks with ‘a / an / the’.

1.  There are seven days in ________ week.

2.  Tom was born in ________ year of Tiger.

3.  ________ pear on the table is very soft.

4.  Miss Kong is ________ teacher. 

5.  Johun is ________ tallest boy in ________ class.

6.  I go to school in ________ morning.

7.  We had ________ good time at ______ beach yesterday.

8.  Nora has _________ good friend.  She lives in Taiwan.

9.  There is ________ stamp on ________ envelope.

10.  This is _____ hen.  ________ hen lays _______ egg every day. 

                                                                                                (27)

Topic 12        

Demonstrative Pronoun    This  /  These // That / Those

‘This’ is to indicate a thing, a person, or a place near you.

‘These’ is to indicate many things, persons, or places near you.

            This        is                          This book          is

            These    are                         These books      are

‘This’ and ‘These’ can be a pronoun or an adjective / determiner.  When it is used as an adjective/ determiner, it is placed before a noun.  It is used alone without a noun following immediately when it is used as a pronoun.

           This is Meena.           This is a marble.      

           These are pencils.

           ( ‘This’ and ‘These’ are used as pronouns.)

_____________________________________________________________

           This book is very interesting.

           These children are hardworking.

           ( In ‘This book’ and ‘These children’, ‘This’ and ‘These’ are used as  

          adjective/  determiner as they are placed before the noun. )

_____________________________________________________________

Demonstrative Pronouns       That   /   Those

              That      is                        That book        is

              Those    are                      Those books    are

‘That’ is to indicate a person, an animal, thing or a place far away from you.

‘Those’ is to indicate many things, persons or places far away from you.

               That is a picture.

               Those are seeds.

             (‘That’ and ’Those’ are used as pronouns.)

‘That’ and ‘Those’ can be a pronoun or an adjective / determiner.  It is a pronoun when it is used without a noun following immediately.  When it is placed before a noun, then it is used as a determiner.

            [That cat] has sharp claws.

            [Those boys] are obedient.

  ( In ‘That cat’ and ’Those boys’, ‘That’ and ’Those’ are used as adjective/ determiner as they are placed before the noun.)

      

       [ This / That ]  is                   [ These / Those ] are

                                                                  

  [ This / That book ] is            [ These / Those books] are                (28)                                            

Topic 12

Exercise 48

Fill in the blanks with “This / These”.

1.  ___________ is a doll.

2.  ___________ cats are clean.

3.  ___________ pictures are beautiful.

4.  __________ is a lovely dress.

5.  __________ are marbles.

6.  __________ are erasers.

7.  ___________ story is interesting.

8.  ___________ dogs are fierce.

9.  ___________ boys are obedient.

10. ___________ girl is hardworking.

Exercise 49

Fill in the blanks with “This  /  These”

1.  ___________ book is mine.

2.  ___________ are my rulers.

3.  ___________ is my cat.

4.  ___________ boys are helpful.

5.  ____________ children are happy.

6.  ___________ eraser is very good.

7.  ___________ are Alice’s pencils.

8.  ___________ is Peter’s school bag.

9.  ___________ sharpeners are his.

10. __________ house is very beautiful.

11. __________ camera is expensive.

12.  __________ are durians

Exercise 50

Fill in the blanks with “That / Those”.

1.  _________watch is very light.

2.  _________ is Faridah.

3.  __________ are staplers.

4.  ___________ baskets are beautiful.

5.  __________ girl is very polite.

6.  ____________children are hardworking.

7.  ____________ men are healthy and strong.

8.  ___________ is my grandmother.

9.  __________ dress is mine.

10.  __________ is a hoop.

11. __________ are mats.

12.  __________ key is broken.                                                    (29)

Topic 12

Exercise 51

Fill in the blanks with “That  /  Those”.

1.  __________ is a tree.

2.  ____________ cars are dirty.

3.  ____________ are my friends.

4.  ____________ is Alice.

5.  ____________ pencils are sharp.

6.  ____________ pen is blue.

7.  ____________ basket is heavy.

8.  ____________ boys are hardworking.

9.  ____________ spoon is very shiny.

10. ___________ are forks.

Exercise 52

Fill in the blanks with “this/ that /these /  those”.

1.  What is _______________ ?       (far)

2.  What are ______________?       ( there)

3.  ____________ are stones.                            (near)

4.  ___________boy is very naughty.             (far)

5.  ___________ girl is very tall.                     (here) 

6.  ___________ pupils are very noisy.            (near)

7.  _____________bicycle is mine.                  (there)

8.  _____________ windows are open.           (near)

9.  _____________ is a flower.                       (far) 

10. _____________ are bees.                         (far)

11.  ___________ butterfly is beautiful.           (here)

12.  ____________ frogs croak loudly.             (near)

Exercise 53

Fill in the blanks with “This/ That /These / Those”.

1.  ___________ trees are very tall.                       (there)

2.  ___________ is a pair of scissors.                    (near)

3.  ____________ bowls are light.                         (here)

4.  ____________ watches are lovely.                    (far)

5.  ___________picture is beautiful.                       (far)

6.  ____________ flower is purple in colour.            (here) 

7.  ____________ is a blue pen.                             (there)

8.  ____________are my pencils.                            (there)

9.  ______________ is my brother’s computer.         (near)

10.  _____________are his socks.                           (here)

11.  _____________ shirts are big.                          (far)

12.  ___________ is a big house.                            ( near )