Topic 15
Apostrophe = Noun’s noun
(Noun’s = a person / an animal)
If
you use the name of a person to show the possession, you have to use an
apostrophe.
Ali’s car his car
John’s sister his sister
Meena’s pen her pen
That is Mary’s mother.
That is her mother.
This is Paul’s house.
This is his house.
The cat’s claws are
sharp.
Its claws are sharp.
For non-living things, we use ‘the part of the
whole’ to show possession.
the legs of the chair (the leg is a part of the whole chair)
the roof of the house
the door of the car
the handle of the knife
the hands of the clock
For living things, we also use ‘the part of the
whole’ to show possession.
the hair of the boy the boy’s hair
the arm of the man the man’s arm
the feather of the duck the duck’s feather
the beak of the bird the bird’s beak
(38)
Topic 15 Apostrophe
Exercise 69
Rewrite each
of the sentences adding ‘s to show the possession.
1. That is Aminah hat.
_________________________________________________________
2. Mary brother is very tall.
_________________________________________________________
3. San San uncle is a doctor.
_________________________________________________________
4. My uncle dog is very cute.
_________________________________________________________
5. This is Peter bicycle.
_________________________________________________________
Exercise 70
Rewrite each
of these sentences adding (‘)
1. These farmers cows are very strong.
_________________________________________________________
2. Those are the ladies shoes.
_________________________________________________________
3. Those birds feather are colourful.
_________________________________________________________
4. The hawkers stalls are clean. (many hawkers)
_________________________________________________________
5.
These hamsters eyes are big and round.
_________________________________________________________
Exercise
71 Rewrite each of these sentences
adding ‘s or s’.
1. Helen shoes are very dirty.
_________________________________________________________
2. The girls dresses are too long. (many girls)
_________________________________________________________
3. The teachers cars are clean. (many teachers)
_________________________________________________________
4. Those are Aminah toy.
_________________________________________________________
5. The pupils books are thick. (many pupils)
_________________________________________________________
6. These are Leena socks.
_________________________________________________________
7. These are
the boys swimming trunks. (many
boys)
_________________________________________________________
(39)
Exercise 72
Rewrite each
of these sentences adding ‘s or s’
1. That is Aminah umbrella.
_________________________________________________________
2. Those boys shoes are very dirty.
_________________________________________________________
3. These are the girls handkerchiefs. (many girls)
_________________________________________________________
4. That is Joseph bicycle.
_________________________________________________________
5. These are the pupils hats. (many pupils)
_________________________________________________________
6. This is Leena eraser.
_________________________________________________________
7. That cat tail is very long.
_________________________________________________________
8. Those rabbits ears are long.
_________________________________________________________
9. That is Hui Ling comb.
_________________________________________________________
10. These babies shoes are tiny.
________________________________________________________
Exercise 73
Rewrite each of the following sentences adding (‘s) or
(s’).
1. Nora watch
is very new.
_________________________________________________________
2. These are
children clothes.
_________________________________________________________
3. That dog
tail is very short.
_________________________________________________________
4. My aunt hair
is very long.
_________________________________________________________
5. Those ladies
clothes are expensive.
_________________________________________________________
6. These are
the pupils rulers. (many pupils)
_________________________________________________________
7. This is Mary
picture.
_________________________________________________________
8. That hamster
ears are very small.
_________________________________________________________
9. These are
the men boots.
______________________________________________________(40)
(Topic 15)
Exercise 74
Use the correct to show possession.
1. the mug --------- the handle
_________________________________________________________
2. the
computer --------- the screen
_________________________________________________________
3. the
wheels ---------- the bicycle
_________________________________________________________
4. the bottle ---------- the cap
_________________________________________________________
5. the
telephone ---------- the wire
_________________________________________________________
6 the
knob ---------- the door
_________________________________________________________
Exercise 75
Use the correct expression to show possession.
1. book ---------- pages
_________________________________________________________
2. pen --------- cap
_________________________________________________________
3. floor --------- hall
_________________________________________________________
4. sleeves --------- shirt
_________________________________________________________
5. cushion ---------- case
_________________________________________________________
6. basket --------- colour
_________________________________________________________
Exercise 76
Use the correct expression to show possessions.
1. boy --------- hair
a)__________________________ b)___________________________
2. house --------- man
a)__________________________ b)___________________________
3.
feathers --------- goose
a)_________________________ b) ___________________________
4. house --------- fence
_________________________________________________________
5. tree ---------- trunk
_______________________________________________________(41)
Topic 16
Singular and Plural Noun
A singular noun
means ‘one’ in number.
A
plural noun means ‘more than one’ in number.
A) ‘s’ is
suffixed to the word to make it plural generally.
Regular Form
One Many
car cars
pen pens
eraser erasers
bottle bottles
B) ‘es’ is
suffixed to the words which end in ‘s, z, x, ch, sh or o*
One Many
(s, z, x, ch, sh,
o) ( es )
class classes
buzz buzzes
box boxes
watch watches
brush brushes
tomato tomatoes
*piano pianos
C)
If the words end in ‘y’ and the letters before ‘y’ are ‘a, e, i,
o, u’, suffix ‘s’ to the word.
One Many
(vowel + y) ( ys)
toy toys
boy boys
way ways
day days
D)
If the words end in ‘y’ and the letters before ‘y’ are not ‘a,
e, i, o, u’, drop ‘y’ and suffix ‘ies’.
One Many
( consonant + y) ( ies)
baby babies
lady ladies (42)
lorry lorries
city cities
E)
If the words end in ‘f’ or ‘fe’, and they are to be replaced by
‘ves’ to form plural
One Many
(f /
fe)
( ves)
knife knives
leaf leaves
loaf loaves
wife wives
life
lives
thief thieves
* (f) (fs)
chief chiefs
roof roofs
cliff
cliffs
dwarf dwarfs
F)
Some words have the plural form to be very different from the singular
form.
One Many
mouse mice
goose geese
child children
G) Some
words have the same form for both singular and plural noun.
One Many
deer deer
sheep sheep
aircraft aircraft
H) Some words singular in form but plural
in meaning.
One Many
-- cattle
-- police
people (43)
Topic 16
Singular and Plural forms of the Nouns
Exercise 77
Write out the plural forms of the following words.
1. child ____________________
2. man ____________________
3. woman ____________________
4. mouse ____________________
5. lady ____________________
6. glass ____________________
7. brush ____________________
8. girl ____________________
9. cat ____________________
10. mango
____________________
11. lady ____________________
12. story ____________________
13. fly ____________________
14. foot ____________________
15. thief ____________________
16. loaf ____________________
17. knife ____________________
18. wolf ____________________
19. wife ____________________
20. leaf ____________________
Exercise 78
Write out the plural form of the following words.
1. goose ____________________
2. tooth ____________________
3. watch _____________________
4. bush _____________________
5. school _____________________
6.
computer
_____________________
7. goat _____________________
8. duck _____________________
9. tomato _____________________
10. potato ______________________
11. shelf ______________________
12.
yourself
______________________
13. lorry ______________________
14. ring ______________________
15. dress ______________________
16. puppy
______________________
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